The following report just came out from the National Multi-Housing Council on occupancy rates for multi-family properties. I believe this to be informative and useful for potential buyers and sellers out there:
In the fourth quarter of 2007, apartment vacancy rates diverged. The U.S. Census Bureau vacancy rate for all rental apartments (in buildings with 5 or more units) declined to 10.1 percent, down by 0.3 percent from the previous quarter. The M/PF YieldStar national vacancy rate for investment-grade apartments increased to 4.8 percent. More importantly, both series have changed little over the last 5 quarters and are at exactly the same level as a year ago. The M/PF YieldStar va-cancy rates rose in all four regions. Even so, the rates in the Northeast and Midwest are below the year-ago levels. The South still had the highest vacancy rate at 5.7 percent, while the Northeast had the lowest vacancy rate at 3.5. In the Mid-west the vacancy rate was 5.1 percent, while the West’s va-cancy rate was 3.9.
|
Multifamily
% Vacant
|
4Q
07
|
3Q
07 |
Change Last Qtr |
4Q
06 |
Change Yr Ago |
|
U.S. – Census
|
10.1
|
10.4 |
-0.3 |
10.1 |
0.0 |
|
U.S. – M/PF
|
4.8
|
4.4 |
0.4 |
4.8 |
0. |
Multifamily permits and completions declined while multi-family starts increased in the fourth quarter. Permits (5+ units in structure) decreased slightly to a seasonally adjusted annual rate (SAAR) of 328,000, down by less than one percent from the previous quarter. For the year, permits totaled 350,000, the same as the average for the previous 10 years. Completions decreased to a SAAR of 251,000 this quarter, a decline of 2.0 percent from last quarter. For all of 2007, there were 253,000 multifamily units completed. This was a drop of 10.9 percent from 2006 and the lowest level since 1997. By contrast, starts rose to a SAAR of 294,700, a 7.0 percent in-crease from the third quarter. Even so, starts in 2007 totaled only 276,000, the lowest level since 1996. By all measures, new apartment supply clearly remains in check.

Multifamily net absorptions of investment-grade apartments tracked by Reis were 27,218 in the fourth quarter, a decline of 14,574 from the third quarter but the highest fourth quarter figure in seven years. For the year, absorptions reached 114,419, by far the highest level since 2000. In fact, absorp-tions last year were almost as high as the figure for the previ-ous four years combined. Multifamily completions in the in-vestment-grade market increased slightly to 26,107, a gain of 268 from the previous quarter. For the year, completions to-taled 86,200, a drop of 2.1 percent from 2006 and the lowest level of completions in this sector in 12 years.

Apartment rents measured by both public and private data sources showed modest increases. Same store rents for pro-fessionally managed apartments tracked by M/PF YieldStar rose by 3.5 percent from a year ago, a pickup from the 2.9 percent rate of the previous two quarters. The West continued to show the strongest rent growth while the South had the weakest. The CPI rent index, which covers all rental housing, not just apartments, increased in the fourth quarter by 4.0 per-cent from last year, a slightly lower rate of increase than in the preceding four quarters. With overall inflation at 4.0 percent in the fourth quarter, however, real rent actually fell by 0.5 per-cent using the M/PF data (and was flat, using the CPI data).

In the apartment investment market, transaction volume surged in the fourth quarter as a result of the closing of the Archstone-Smith transaction. Fourth quarter volume totaled $36.2 billion, up by 59.9 percent from the third quarter and by 33.1 percent from a year earlier. For the year, transactions reached $98.6 billion, a new record. Apartment price appre-ciation remained positive. The market value of investment-grade apartments in the National Council of Real Estate In-vestment Fiduciaries’ (NCREIF) database rose in the fourth quarter by 0.8 percent from the previous quarter and by 6.4 percent from a year ago. Among apartment transactions moni-tored by Real Capital Analytics, the average price for proper-ties sold in the fourth quarter 2007 was $159,420 per apart-ment unit, up by 46.6 percent for the quarter and by 50.7 per-cent from a year ago. The average cap rate was 6.1 percent in the fourth quarter, unchanged from the prior quarter.
Apartment Investment Returns
Total returns (unlevered) to owners of apartments fell to 11.4 percent in 2007, the lowest level in four years. Even with the decline, however, they remained above the 10.4 percent aver-age for the last 20 years. Total returns for all privately held real estate were 15.9 percent according to National Council of Real Estate Investment Fiduciaries’ (NCREIF) data. For the first time ever, all other real estate types (offices, retail, industrial and hotel) outperformed apartments. Offices had their best year since 1980 and recorded the highest returns among the property sectors at 20.5 percent. Adjusted for inflation, total returns for apartments slipped to 7.2 percent in 2007, ending a three-year streak of double-digit real gains (see chart).

Even so, apartments significantly outperformed the stock mar-ket: Total returns on the S&P 500, likewise adjusted for infla-tion, were only 1.4 percent. By contrast, public apartment REITs had negative returns last year (-25.4 percent). As a re-sult, there is once again a disconnect between public and pri-vate pricing of real estate. Stock buybacks by public apartment REITs suggest they view public sentiment as overly negative.